Treatment Options for Chronic Dry Eyes: Eye Care for a More Comfortable Life

Here’s a breakdown of what causes chronic dry eye and how to find relief.

What Causes Chronic Dry Eye?

Dry eye happens when the eyes don't produce enough tears, or when the tears evaporate too quickly. Several factors can lead to this condition, including:

• Aging – Tear production often decreases with age.
• Medical conditions – Diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disorders, and Sjögren’s syndrome are common culprits.
• Medications – Antihistamines, antidepressants, and blood pressure drugs can reduce tear production.
• Environmental factors – Wind, smoke, air conditioning, or too much screen time can worsen symptoms.
• Hormonal changes – Especially in postmenopausal individuals.

Mild Symptoms? Start with Simple Solutions

For those with mild dry eye symptoms, lifestyle changes and over-the-counter (OTC) products can provide noticeable relief.

Try the following:

1. Artificial Tears (OTC) – Lubricating eye drops help restore moisture to the eyes. Use them as needed, especially in dry environments.
2. Take Screen Breaks – Practice the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
3. Use a Humidifier – Keeping indoor air moist can prevent tear evaporation.
4. Wear Wraparound Sunglasses – These protect against wind and sun exposure that can dry out eyes.

Moderate to Severe Symptoms? Time to Talk to a Doctor

When OTC treatments aren’t enough, a healthcare provider might recommend prescription therapies or procedures.

Prescription Options:

• Cyclosporine eye drops (e.g., Restasis) – Help increase natural tear production.
• Lifitegrast (e.g., Xiidra) – Reduces inflammation associated with dry eye.
• Corticosteroid eye drops – Sometimes used short-term for flare-ups to reduce inflammation.

In-Office Procedures:

• Punctal Plugs – Tiny inserts placed in tear ducts to keep moisture on the eye’s surface longer.
• Thermal Pulsation Devices – Help clear blocked oil glands in the eyelids, improving tear quality.
• Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) Therapy – Used for certain cases related to eyelid inflammation (meibomian gland dysfunction).

When to Seek Help

Chronic dry eye can worsen over time if not properly managed. If symptoms persist for more than a few days or interfere with daily life, it’s important to consult an eye care professional for a personalized treatment plan.

Disclaimer:

This article is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a licensed eye care provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Sources

• Mayo Clinic – "Dry Eyes"
• American Academy of Ophthalmology – "Dry Eye Treatment Options"
• Cleveland Clinic – "Dry Eye Syndrome"